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COP 8 Decision VIII/15

Framework for monitoring implementation of the achievement of the 2010 target and integration of targets into the thematic programmes of work

The Conference of the Parties

1. Notes that the framework for monitoring implementation of the Convention and achievement of the 2010 target is comprised of the following five components:

(a) The four goals and 19 objectives of the Strategic Plan adopted by the Conference of the Parties in decision VI/26;

(b) A limited number of indicators to measure progress in the implementation of the Strategic Plan, to be developed on the basis of the proposed indicators in annex I below;

(c) The provisional framework for goals and targets, consisting of seven focal areas, 11 goals and 21 targets, adopted in decision VII/30;

(d) Outcome-oriented indicators to measure progress towards the 2010 target (as adopted by decision VII/30 with amendments recommended by SBSTTA in recommendation X/5, as summarized in annex II below); and

(e) Reporting mechanisms, including the Global Biodiversity Outlook and national reports;

2. Decides to consider at its ninth meeting the process for revising and updating the Strategic Plan with a view to adopting a revised Strategic Plan at the tenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties;

3. Emphasizes that the global framework for goals and targets is provisional and will be used until 2010 and decides to carry out, as part of the process for revising and updating the Strategic Plan referred to in paragraph 2 above, an in-depth review of the goals and targets, together with associated indicators, for use after 2010;

4. Notes the progress made in establishing the 2010 Biodiversity Indicators Partnership, coordinated by the United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), and emphasizes the need for a continuing process, supported by adequate financial resources and technical expertise, to implement, and where necessary further develop and test, the global outcome-oriented indicators, as recommended by the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (recommendation X/5) appended as annex V to the present decision, particularly those indicators noted as requiring further work;

5. Endorses the recommendations of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice concerning the further development of the indicators and the identification of organizations that may provide data and coordinate the delivery of individual indicators (recommendation X/5), and acknowledges the contribution already made by these organizations and other members of the 2010 Biodiversity Indicators Partnership, including in the preparation of Global Biodiversity Outlook 2;

6. Encourages Parties and invites other Governments, international organizations and other relevant bodies to co-operate in making available data and technical expertise and to support the use and improvement of existing international data collection systems in relation to reporting the global outcome-oriented indicators;

7. Requests the Executive Secretary, in consultation with the members of the Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group on Indicators for Assessing Progress Towards the 2010 Target, and other partners:

(a) To elaborate, on the basis of the provisional list of indicators for assessing progress in implementing the goals and objectives of the Strategic Plan contained in annex 1 to this decision, a limited number of relevant, robust and measurable indicators to measure progress in the implementation of the Strategic Plan;

(b) To support the immediate testing and use of the potential measures identified by the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice appended as annex V to this decision;

(c) To promote the further development of the global outcome-oriented indicators, with particular emphasis on those that are closely linked to the Millennium Development Goals, including those related to target 8.2 and other relevant targets;

(d) To review lessons learned from the use of outcome-oriented indicators in Global Biodiversity Outlook 2 and to develop proposals for future reporting on indicators, including inter alia their use in Global Biodiversity Outlook 3, for consideration by the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice prior to the ninth meeting of the Conference of the Parties;

8. Emphasizes that the global application of indicators as well as the assessment of the progress towards the 2010 target should not be used to evaluate the level of implementation of the Convention in individual Parties or regions;

9. Endorses the goals and global outcome-oriented targets integrated into the programmes of work on the biodiversity of dry and sub-humid lands, marine and coastal biodiversity, biodiversity of inland water ecosystems, mountain biological diversity and island biodiversity, and into the expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity, as contained in annex IV to the present decision, noting the relationship between these targets and those of the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, the Millennium Development Goals, and the joint work programme on dry and sub-humid lands between the Convention on Biological Diversity and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification;

10. Emphasizes that the targets, as applied to the programmes of work on the biodiversity of dry and sub-humid lands, marine and coastal biodiversity, biodiversity of inland water ecosystems, mountain biological diversity and island biodiversity, and the expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity, should, in accordance with decision VII/30, be viewed as a flexible framework within which national and/or regional targets may be developed, relevant to the implementation by Parties of the programmes of work and National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans, according to national and/or regional priorities and capacities, taking into account differences in biological diversity between countries;

11. Urges Parties and invites other Governments to develop national and/or regional goals and targets and related national indicators, considering submissions from indigenous and local communities and other stakeholders, as appropriate, and to incorporate them into relevant plans, programmes and initiatives, including national biodiversity strategies and action plans, as well as national action plans of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification for the goals and targets of the programme of work on the biodiversity of dry and sub-humid lands, and national forest programmes for the goals and targets of the expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity;

12. Emphasizes the need for capacity-building, access to and transfer of technology in accordance inter alia with Article 16.2 of the Convention and adequate financial resources, especially for developing countries, particularly the least developed and small island developing States amongst them, and countries with economies in transition, in order to enable them to develop knowledge, including taxonomic knowledge, to gain access to relevant information on their biodiversity, and to better implement activities to achieve and monitor progress towards the goals and targets;

13. Agrees to review the goals and global outcome-oriented targets integrated into the programmes of work when these are subjected to an in-depth review in accordance with the multi-year programme of work of the Convention;

14. Endorses the guidelines for the review of the programmes of work provided in annex III to the present decision, to be applied for the in-depth review referred to in paragraph 14 above;

Global outcome-oriented targets for the programme of work on biological diversity of dry and sub-humid lands

15. Emphasizes that the elaborated technical rationale and proposed indicators for the outcome-oriented targets for the programme of work on the biodiversity of dry and sub-humid lands provided in the annex to the note by the Executive Secretary (UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/11/4/Add.2) are intended as guidance to Parties in their implementation of National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans;

16. Invites the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification to take note of the outcome-oriented targets for the programme of work on the biodiversity of dry and sub-humid lands, especially when developing its strategic plan, and to further refine them within the framework of the joint work programme, to contribute to the implementation of these targets at the regional level as appropriate and to monitor progress towards them;

17. Emphasizes the need for taxonomic studies in the implementation of the programme of work on the biological diversity of dry and sub-humid lands, taking into account the relevant activities in the programme of work for the Global Taxonomy Initiative;

Global outcome-oriented targets for the expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity

18. Invites the members of the Collaborative Partnership on Forests to – in addition to the four global objectives on forests of the United Nations Forum on Forests, agreed at its sixth session - take note of the global outcome-oriented targets for the expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity;

19. Invites the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations to explore options to include, in its Global Forest Resources Assessment process, reporting related to global outcome-oriented targets for the expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity in the context of the 2010 global biodiversity target, incorporating as appropriate, relevant existing indicators for sustainable forest management;

20. Notes that the list of proposed global indicators for the expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity, as contained in annex I to the report of the Expert Group (UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/11/INF/3), provides a useful input for Parties, other Governments, and (sub‑)regional and global organizations, in assessing progress in the implementation of the expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity;

21. Invites Parties to share their experiences in the application of the global outcome-oriented targets in the national implementation of the expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity and in the development and application of national targets and indicators;

22. Emphasizes the need for taxonomic studies in forest biodiversity, taking into account the relevant activities in the programme of work for the Global Taxonomy Initiative;

Global outcome-oriented targets for the programme of work on mountain biological diversity

23. Emphasizes that the technical rationale and proposed global indicators for the global outcome-oriented targets for the programme of work on mountain biological diversity contained in the note by the Executive Secretary (UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/11/10) are intended as guidance to Parties in their implementation of national biodiversity strategies and action plans;

Global outcome-oriented targets for the programmes of work on marine and coastal biological diversity and the biological diversity of inland waters

24. Takes note of the elaborated technical rationales for the global outcome-oriented targets for the programmes of work on marine and coastal biological diversity and the biological diversity of inland waters, contained in annex II and III of the report of the Expert Group (UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA10/INF/6), as providing additional guidance for the application of the targets to the programmes of work on marine and coastal biodiversity and the biological diversity of inland water ecosystems;

25. Invites the Conference of the Parties to the Ramsar Convention, for areas within its mandate and in line with the role of the Ramsar Convention established, by decision III/21, as the lead implementation partner on wetlands for the Convention on Biological Diversity, to contribute to the implementation of the targets, to monitoring progress towards them and to developing the targets further for specific application to wetlands;

26. Invites the regional seas conventions and protocols, regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) and other relevant instruments, action plans and bodies, including those for large marine ecosystems (LMEs), to take note of the outcome‑oriented targets for the programme of work on marine and coastal biological diversity, and to contribute to the implementation of these targets at the regional level as appropriate, and to monitor progress towards them.

Annex I

PROVISIONAL INDICATORS FOR ASSESSING PROGRESS IN IMPLEMENTING THE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STRATEGIC PLAN

Strategic goals and objectives	Possible indicators
Goal 1: The Convention is fulfilling its leadership role in international biodiversity issues.
1.1 The Convention is setting the global biodiversity agenda.	CBD provisions, COP decisions and 2010 target reflected in workplans of major international forums
1.2 The Convention is promoting cooperation between all relevant international instruments and processes to enhance policy coherence.
1.3 Other international processes are actively supporting implementation of the Convention, in a manner consistent with their respective frameworks.
1.4 The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety is widely implemented.
1.5 Biodiversity concerns are being integrated into relevant sectoral or cross-sectoral plans, programmes and policies at the regional and global levels.	Possible indicator to be developed: Number of regional/global plans, programmes and policies which specifically address the integration of biodiversity concerns into relevant sectoral or cross-sectoral plans, programmes and policies Application of planning tools such as strategic environmental assessment to assess the degree to which biodiversity concerns are being integrated Biodiversity integrated into the criteria of multilateral donors and regional development banks
1.6 Parties are collaborating at the regional and subregional levels to implement the Convention.	Possible indicator to be developed: Number of Parties that are part of (sub-) regional biodiversity-related agreements
Goal 2: Parties have improved financial, human, scientific, technical, and technological capacity to implement the Convention.
2.1 All Parties have adequate capacity for implementation of priority actions in national biodiversity strategy and action plans.
2.2 Developing country Parties, in particular the least developed and the small island developing States amongst them, and other Parties with economies in transition, have sufficient resources available to implement the three objectives of the Convention.	Official development assistance provided in support of the Convention (OECD-DAC Statistics Committee)
2.3 Developing country Parties, in particular the least developed and the small island developing States amongst them, and other Parties with economies in transition, have increased resources and technology transfer available to implement the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety.
2.4 All Parties have adequate capacity to implement the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety.
2.5 Technical and scientific cooperation is making a significant contribution to building capacity.	Indicator to be developed consistent with VII/30
Goal 3: National biodiversity strategies and action plans and the integration of biodiversity concerns into relevant sectors serve as an effective framework for the implementation of the objectives of the Convention.
3.1 Every Party has effective national strategies, plans and programmes in place to provide a national framework for implementing the three objectives of the Convention and to set clear national priorities.	Number of Parties with national biodiversity strategies
3.2 Every Party to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety has a regulatory framework in place and functioning to implement the Protocol.
3.3 Biodiversity concerns are being integrated into relevant national sectoral and cross-sectoral plans, programmes and policies.	To be developed Percentage of Parties with relevant national sectoral and cross-sectoral plans, programmes and policies in which biodiversity concerns are integrated
3.4 The priorities in national biodiversity strategies and action plans are being actively implemented, as a means to achieve national implementation of the Convention, and as a significant contribution towards the global biodiversity agenda.	To be developed Number of national biodiversity strategies and action plans that are being actively implemented
Goal 4: There is a better understanding of the importance of biodiversity and of the Convention, and this has led to broader engagement across society in implementation.
4.1 All Parties are implementing a communication, education, and public awareness strategy and promoting public participation in support of the Convention.	Possible indicator to be developed: Number of Parties implementing a communication, education and public awareness strategy and promoting public participation Percentage of public awareness programmes/projects about the importance of biodiversity Percentage of Parties with biodiversity on their public school curricula
4.2 Every Party to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety is promoting and facilitating public awareness, education and participation in support of the Protocol.
4.3 Indigenous and local communities are effectively involved in implementation and in the processes of the Convention, at national, regional and international levels.	To be developed by the Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group on Article 8(j)
4.4 Key actors and stakeholders, including the private sector, are engaged in partnership to implement the Convention and are integrating biodiversity concerns into their relevant sectoral and cross-sectoral plans, programmes and policies.	To be developed Indicator targeting private sector engagement, e.g. Voluntary type 2 partnerships in support of the implementation of the Convention

Annex II

INDICATORS RELEVANT TO THE PROVISIONAL FRAMEWORK OF GOALS AND TARGETS

Goals and targets	Relevant indicators
Protect the components of biodiversity
Goal 1. Promote the conservation of the biological diversity of ecosystems, habitats and biomes
Target 1.1: At least 10% of each of the world’s ecological regions effectively conserved.	Coverage of protected areas Trends in extent of selected biomes, ecosystems and habitats Trends in abundance and distribution of selected species
Target 1.2: Areas of particular importance to biodiversity protected	Trends in extent of selected biomes, ecosystems and habitats Trends in abundance and distribution of selected species Coverage of protected areas
Goal 2. Promote the conservation of species diversity
Target 2.1: Restore, maintain, or reduce the decline of populations of species of selected taxonomic groups.	Trends in abundance and distribution of selected species Change in status of threatened species
Target 2.2: Status of threatened species improved.	Change in status of threatened species Trends in abundance and distribution of selected species Coverage of protected areas
Goal 3. Promote the conservation of genetic diversity
Target 3.1: Genetic diversity of crops, livestock, and of harvested species of trees, fish and wildlife and other valuable species conserved, and associated indigenous and local knowledge maintained.	Trends in genetic diversity of domesticated animals, cultivated plants, and fish species of major socio-economic importance Biodiversity used in food and medicine(indicator under development) Trends in abundance and distribution of selected species
Promote sustainable use
Goal 4. Promote sustainable use and consumption.
Target 4.1: Biodiversity-based products derived from sources that are sustainably managed, and production areas managed consistent with the conservation of biodiversity.	Area of forest, agricultural and aquaculture ecosystems under sustainable management Proportion of products derived from sustainable sources (indicator under development) Trends in abundance and distribution of selected species Marine trophic index Nitrogen deposition Water quality in aquatic ecosystems
Target 4.2. Unsustainable consumption, of biological resources, or that impacts upon biodiversity, reduced.	Ecological footprint and related concepts
Target 4.3: No species of wild flora or fauna endangered by international trade.	Change in status of threatened species
Address threats to biodiversity
Goal 5. Pressures from habitat loss, land use change and degradation, and unsustainable water use, reduced.
Target 5.1. Rate of loss and degradation of natural habitats decreased.	Trends in extent of selected biomes, ecosystems and habitats Trends in abundance and distribution of selected species Marine trophic index
Goal 6. Control threats from invasive alien species
Target 6.1. Pathways for major potential alien invasive species controlled.	Trends in invasive alien species
Target 6. 2. Management plans in place for major alien species that threaten ecosystems, habitats or species.	Trends in invasive alien species
Goal 7. Address challenges to biodiversity from climate change, and pollution
Target 7.1. Maintain and enhance resilience of the components of biodiversity to adapt to climate change.	Connectivity/fragmentation of ecosystems
Target 7.2. Reduce pollution and its impacts on biodiversity.	Nitrogen deposition Water quality in aquatic ecosystems
Maintain goods and services from biodiversity to support human well-being
Goal 8. Maintain capacity of ecosystems to deliver goods and services and support livelihoods
Target 8.1. Capacity of ecosystems to deliver goods and services maintained.	Biodiversity used in food and medicine (indicator under development) Water quality in aquatic ecosystems Marine trophic index Incidence of Human-induced ecosystem failure
Target 8.2. Biological resources that support sustainable livelihoods, local food security and health care, especially of poor people maintained.	Health and well-being of communities who depend directly on local ecosystem goods and services Biodiversity used in food and medicine
Protect traditional knowledge, innovations and practices
Goal 9 Maintain socio-cultural diversity of indigenous and local communities
Target 9.1. Protect traditional knowledge, innovations and practices.	Status and trends of linguistic diversity and numbers of speakers of indigenous languages Additional indicators to be developed
Target 9.2. Protect the rights of indigenous and local communities over their traditional knowledge, innovations and practices, including their rights to benefit‑sharing.	Indicator to be developed
Ensure the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of genetic resources
Goal 10. Ensure the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of genetic resources
Target 10.1. All access to genetic resources is in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity and its relevant provisions.	Indicator to be developed
Target 10.2. Benefits arising from the commercial and other utilization of genetic resources shared in a fair and equitable way with the countries providing such resources in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity and its relevant provisions	Indicator to be developed
Ensure provision of adequate resources
Goal 11: Parties have improved financial, human, scientific, technical and technological capacity to implement the Convention
Target 11.1. New and additional financial resources are transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments under the Convention, in accordance with Article 20.	Official development assistance provided in support of the Convention
Target 11.2. Technology is transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments under the Convention, in accordance with its Article 20, paragraph 4.	Indicator to be developed

Annex III

GUIDELINES FOR THE REVIEW OF THE PROGRAMMES OF WORK OF THE CONVENTION

A. Purpose of the review

The primary aim of the review is to determine progress made to advance the objectives of the Convention within its thematic areas. The review should include information from Parties on:

(a) Progress made on implementation of the programme of work;

(b) Barriers to implementation of the programme of work;

(d) The contribution the programme of work has provided to Parties in implementing the Convention; and

(e) The contribution of the programme of work in reducing the rate of biodiversity loss.

The review process might result in suggestions for modification of existing programmes of work. Modification of programmes of work should only occur where a significant gap has been identified and filling this gap would provide valuable further guidance to Parties, other Governments and organizations supporting implementation of the Convention.

B. Process for reviewing and, as necessary, revising the programmes of work

1. Review of the current programme of work

The review of implementation of a programme of work could include:

1. A review of implementation against the elements of the programme of work itself (objectives, activities, etc). The review should ascertain:

(a) Whether, and to what degree, the implementation of activities has contributed to meeting the objectives of the Convention and provisional goals and targets of the framework for evaluating implementation of the three objectives of the Convention and progress towards the 2010 target;

(b) Identification of barriers to effective implementation of the Convention within the thematic area, and capacity building priorities to address the barriers;

(c) Whether, and to what degree, operational objectives and all or selected priority activities of the programme of work at the national, regional and global level were implemented by Parties and others, and the extent to which this was facilitated by the Convention Secretariat and other partners;

(d) Whether, and to what degree, the Convention Secretariat and other partners have facilitated the mobilization of the necessary financial resources with respect to the thematic areas. This would involve analysing the trends in funding for the thematic area, as well as actions taken by the financial mechanism and other multilateral and bilateral donors in response to the guidance of the Conference of the Parties regarding the programme of work;

(e) Whether, and to what degree, the implementation of activities has contributed to meeting the goals and objectives of the programme of work;

2. An assessment of the adequacy of the programme of work to address major challenges. The review should assess the current and future effectiveness of the programme of work in the context of the Millennium Development Goals and the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development. The goals, objectives and activities of the programme of work should be assessed against the status and trends in biodiversity, current and projected major threats (including threats primarily associated with other biomes), new scientific knowledge and other emerging issues, to determine whether these remain adequate for reducing rates of biodiversity loss, promoting sustainable use, and contributing to the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources.

3. Revision and updating of the programme of work

The programme of work should only be revised and updated if the need to do so is identified through the review process outlined in section 1 above. Revisions of programmes of work should only be undertaken where a significant gap is identified and addressing this gap would provide essential further guidance to Parties, other Governments and relevant organizations to achieve the objectives of the Convention with regard to its thematic areas. Steps to follow when revising and updating the programme of work are:

1. Define goals and objectives according to needs, in light of status and trends in biodiversity, and against current and projected major threats, new scientific knowledge and other emerging issues, in order to contribute to the achievement of the three objectives of the Convention;

2. Integrate the vision, mission and provisional framework of goals and targets as outlined in annex III to decision VII/30 into the programme of work and, where applicable, the goals and objectives of the Strategic Plan;

3. Assess activities:

(a) Include activities required to address needs, in light of: (i) status and trends in biodiversity, current and projected major threats to biodiversity and new scientific knowledge, obstacles to sustainable use and to the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources, and the experience of the previous version of the programme of work; and (ii) results of a gap analysis taking into account all relevant activities including those being undertaken within the framework of other conventions, and by organizations and initiatives that contribute to the objectives of the programme of work (the gap analysis would also help to identify opportunities for collaboration, as well as areas where additional activities would add the most value);

(b) Acknowledge activities being undertaken by other conventions, organizations and initiatives to meet the objectives of the programme of work and focus on activities in the programme of work under the Convention on Biological Diversity that fill gaps and provide added-value;

(c) Consider the financial implications of activities according to their likely effectiveness and impacts, and the capacity of Parties and partners to implement them.

4. Consider measures to provide practical support, including financial and technical support, for national and regional implementation.

C. Information, tools and mechanisms to support the review and revision of the programmes of work

1. Types and sources of information

1. Degree of implementation of the programme of work:

(a) Information from Parties (including national reports and thematic reports);

(b) Information from the 2010 monitoring exercise (global headline indicators);

(c) Additional information from relevant United Nations agencies, conventions, international and regional organizations, indigenous and local communities, and other partners.

2. Status and trends in biodiversity, and threats to biodiversity and obstacles to sustainable use and to the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources:

(a) Information from the 2010 monitoring exercise (global headline indicators);

(b) Information from Parties (including national reports and voluntary thematic reports);

(c) Additional information from relevant United Nations agencies, conventions, international and regional organizations and processes, and other partners, including in particular the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment and other assessments and scenarios work;

(d) Information from other international and national scientific bodies such as science academies and science associations.

3. Financial resources for implementation:

(a) Information from Parties and other Governments on financial resources and the financial mechanism with respect to programmes of work (including national reports and thematic reports);

(b) Reports of, and information from, the Global Environment Facility and other multilateral and bilateral donor agencies on thematic areas and cross-cutting issues;

(c) Additional information from relevant United Nations agencies, conventions, international and regional organizations, and other partners and stakeholders.

2. Supporting tools and mechanisms

1. Use of expert groups, regional workshops and consultations.

2. Development of a framework for the mobilization and coordinated use of available assessment data from disparate sources.

3. Use of independent peer review, where appropriate.

4. Use of a rational timeline for review of implementation – one that takes into account when national reports and other information will be available.

5. Share experiences and approaches through the clearing-house mechanism and other mechanisms.

Annex IV

APPLICATION OF THE PROVISIONAL FRAMEWORK OF GOALS AND TARGETS FOR 2010 TO THE THEMATIC PROGRAMMES OF WORK OF THE CONVENTION

Provisional goals and targets as per the framework	Marine and coastal biodiversity	Inland waters biodiversity	Forest biodiversity	Mountain biodiversity	Dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity	Island biodiversity 1/
Focal area 1: Protect the components of biodiversity
Goal 1. Promote the conservation of the biological diversity of ecosystems, habitats and biomes
Target 1.1: At least 10% of each of the world’s ecological regions effectively conserved.	At least 10% of each of the world’s marine and coastal ecological regions effectively conserved.	At least 10% of known inland water ecosystem area effectively conserved and under integrated river or lake basin management.	At least 10% of each of the world’s forest types are effectively conserved.	At least 10% of each of the world’s mountain ecosystems are effectively conserved.	At least 10% of each of the dry and sub-humid lands ecosystems are effectively conserved.	At least 10% of each of the island ecological regions effectively conserved.
Target 1.2: Areas of particular importance to biodiversity protected.	Particularly vulnerable marine and coastal habitats and ecosystems, such as tropical and cold water coral reefs, seamounts, hydrothermal vents mangroves, seagrasses, spawning grounds and other vulnerable areas in marine habitats effectively protected.	275 million hectares of wetlands of particular importance to biodiversity protected, including representation and equitable distribution of areas of different wetland types across the range of biogeographic zones.	Areas of particular importance to forest biodiversity protected in the most threatened and vulnerable forest ecosystems through comprehensive, effectively managed and ecologically representative national and regional protected area networks.	Areas of particular importance to mountain biodiversity protected through comprehensive, effectively managed and ecologically representative national and regional protected area networks.	Areas of particular importance to dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity are protected through comprehensive, effectively managed and ecologically representative national and regional protected area networks.	Areas of particular importance to island biodiversity are protected through comprehensive, effectively managed and ecologically representative national and regional protected area networks.
Goal 2. Promote the conservation of species diversity
Target 2.1: Restore, maintain or reduce the decline of populations of species of selected taxonomic groups.	Reduce the decline of, maintain or restore populations of species of selected marine and coastal taxonomic groups.	Reduce the decline of, maintain or restore populations of species of selected taxonomic groups dependent upon inland water ecosystems.	Populations of forest species of threatened and most vulnerable taxonomic groups restored, maintained, or their decline substantially reduced.	Restore, maintain or substantially reduce the decline of populations of species of the most vulnerable and threatened mountain species.	Restore, maintain, or substantially reduce the decline of populations of the most vulnerable and threatened dry and sub-humid lands species.	Populations of island species of selected taxonomic groups restored, maintained, or their decline substantially reduced.
Target 2.2: Status of threatened species improved.	Known globally threatened and endangered marine and coastal species, with particular attention to migratory and transboundary species and populations, effectively conserved.	The world’s known threatened inland water ecosystem dependent species of plants and animals conserved, with particular attention to migratory, transboundary and endemic species and populations.	Conservation status of threatened forest species substantially improved.	Status of threatened mountain species substantially improved.	Status of threatened dry and sub-humid lands species substantially improved.	Status of threatened island species significantly improved.
Goal 3. Promote the conservation of genetic diversity
Target 3.1: Genetic diversity of crops, livestock, and of harvested species of trees, fish and wildlife and other valuable species conserved, and associated indigenous and local knowledge maintained.	Further losses of known genetic diversity of exploited wild fish and other wild and cultured marine and coastal species prevented, and associated indigenous and local knowledge maintained.	Known genetic diversity of crops, livestock, and of harvested species of trees, fish and wildlife and other valuable species dependent upon inland water ecosystems is conserved, and associated indigenous and local knowledge is maintained.	Genetic diversity of valuable forest species, and other species providing non-timber forest products, conserved and associated indigenous and local knowledge is protected and maintained.	Genetic diversity of crops, livestock, and of harvested species of trees and other species providing non-timber forest products, fish, and wildlife and other valuable mountain species conserved, associated indigenous and local knowledge is protected and maintained.	Genetic diversity of crops, livestock, harvested species of trees, fish and wildlife and other valuable dry and sub-humid lands species is conserved, and associated indigenous and local knowledge is protected and maintained.	Genetic diversity of crops, livestock, and other valuable island species conserved, and associated indigenous and local knowledge maintained.
Focal Area 2: Promote sustainable use
Goal 4. Promote sustainable use and consumption
Target 4.1: Biodiversity-based products derived from sources that are sustainably managed, and production areas managed consistent with the conservation of biodiversity.	4.1.1: All exploited fisheries products derived from sources that are sustainably managed, and unsustainable uses of other marine and coastal species minimized. 4.1.2: All mariculture facilities operated consistent with the conservation of biodiversity and social equity.	4.1.1: Products from inland water ecosystem biological diversity derived from sustainable sources. 4.1.2: Aquaculture areas in inland water ecosystems managed consistent with the conservation of inland water biological diversity.	Forest goods and services are derived from sources and concessions managed according to the principles of sustainable forest management including conservation of biological diversity.	Mountain biodiversity-based products derived from sources that are sustainably managed, and production areas managed consistent with the conservation of biodiversity.	Dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity-based products are derived from sources that are sustainably managed, and production areas managed so as to be consistent with the conservation of biodiversity.	Island biodiversity-based products are derived from sources that are sustainably managed, and production areas managed, consistent with the conservation of biological diversity.
Target 4.2 Unsustainable consumption, of biological resources, or that impacts upon biodiversity, reduced.	Aspects of this target are addressed under target 4.1.1 and 4.1.2.	Aspects of this target are addressed under target 4.1.1 and 4.1.2.	Unsustainable consumption of biological resources, and its impact upon forest biological resources, reduced.	Unsustainable consumption of biological resources, and its impact upon mountain biodiversity, reduced.	Unsustainable consumption of biological resources and its impact upon dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity is reduced.	Unsustainable consumption of biological resources and its impact upon island biodiversity is reduced.
Target 4.3: No species of wild flora or fauna endangered by international trade.	No species of wild marine and coastal flora and fauna endangered by international trade.	No species of wild flora or fauna dependent upon inland water ecosystems endangered by international trade.	No species of forest flora or fauna, including timber species, endangered by international trade.	No species of wild mountain flora or fauna endangered by international trade.	No species of dry and sub-humid lands wild flora and fauna are endangered by international trade.	No species of wild flora and fauna is endangered by international trade.
Focal area 3: Address threats to biodiversity
Goal 5. Pressures from habitat loss, land-use change and degradation, and unsustainable water use, reduced
Target 5.1: Rate of loss and degradation of natural habitats decreased.	Rate of loss and degradation of natural marine and coastal habitats, in particular mangroves, seagrasses, tropical and cold water coral reefs, seamounts, hydrothermal vents and other important habitats, decreased.	Rate of loss and degradation of inland water ecosystem biological diversity, especially through unsustainable water use, are decreased.	The current rate of forest loss, degradation, and conversion to other land uses are substantially reduced and the impact on forest biodiversity of human-induced uncontrolled/unwanted forest fires substantially reduced.	Current rate of loss and degradation of natural mountain habitats substantially reduced and the impact on mountain biodiversity of human-induced uncontrolled/unwanted fires substantially reduced.	Current rate of loss and degradation of natural habitats in dry and sub-humid lands substantially reduced and the impact on dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity of human-induced uncontrolled/ unwanted fires substantially reduced.	Rate of loss and degradation of natural habitats in islands significantly decreased.
Goal 6. Control threats from invasive alien species
Target 6.1: Pathways for major potential alien invasive species controlled.	Pathways for major potential invasive alien species in marine and coastal ecosystems controlled.	Pathways for major potential invasive alien species in inland water ecosystems controlled.	Pathways for major potential invasive alien species in forest ecosystems identified and controlled.	Pathways for major potential invasive alien species in mountain ecosystems identified and controlled.	Pathways for major potential alien invasive species are identified and controlled in dry and sub-humid lands.	Pathways for major potential alien invasive species are identified and controlled on islands.
Target 6. 2: Management plans in place for major alien species that threaten ecosystems, habitats or species.	Management plans in place and implemented for invasive alien species that are considered to present the greatest threat to marine and coastal ecosystems, habitats or species.	Management plans in place and implemented for invasive alien species that are considered to present the greatest threat to inland water ecosystems, habitats or species.	Management plans in place and implemented for invasive alien species that are considered a significant threat to forest ecosystems, habitats or species.	Management plans in place and implemented for major alien species that threaten mountain ecosystems, habitats or species.	Management plans in place and implemented for major alien species that threaten dry and sub-humid lands ecosystems, habitats or species.	Management plans in place and implemented for major alien species that threaten ecosystems, habitats or species in islands.
Goal 7. Address challenges to biodiversity from climate change, and pollution
Target 7.1: Maintain and enhance resilience of the components of biodiversity to adapt to climate change.	Maintain and enhance resilience of the components of marine and coastal biodiversity to adapt to climate change.	Maintain and enhance resilience of the components of inland water ecosystem biodiversity to adapt to climate change.	Resilience of the components of biodiversity to adapt to climate change in forest ecosystems maintained and enhanced.	Resilience of the components of biodiversity to adapt to climate change in mountain ecosystems maintained and enhanced.	Resilience of the components of biodiversity to adapt to climate change in dry and sub-humid lands maintained and enhanced.	Resilience of the components of biodiversity to adapt to climate change in islands maintained and enhanced.
Target 7.2: Reduce pollution and its impacts on biodiversity.	Substantially reduce land-based and seabased sources of marine pollution and their impacts on biodiversity.	Substantially reduce pollution and its impacts on inland water ecosystem biodiversity.	The adverse impact of pollution on forest biodiversity substantially reduced.	The adverse impact of pollution on mountain biodiversity substantially reduced.	The adverse impact of pollution on dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity substantially reduced.	Pollution and its impacts on island biological diversity significantly reduced.
			7.3 The impact on forest biodiversity of human-induced uncontrolled/unwanted forest fires substantially reduced.
Focal area 4: Maintain goods and services from biodiversity to support human well-being
Goal 8. Maintain capacity of ecosystems to deliver goods and services and support livelihoods
Target 8.1: Capacity of ecosystems to deliver goods and services maintained.	Capacity of marine and coastal ecosystems to deliver goods and services maintained or enhanced.	Capacity of inland water ecosystems to deliver goods and services maintained or enhanced.	Capacity of forest ecosystems to deliver goods and services maintained or improved.	Capacity mountain ecosystems to deliver goods and services maintained or improved.	Capacity of dry and sub-humid lands ecosystems to deliver goods and services maintained or improved.	Capacity of island ecosystems to deliver goods and services maintained or improved .
Target 8.2: Biological resources that support sustainable livelihoods, local food security and health care, especially of poor people, maintained.	Marine and coastal biological resources that support sustainable livelihoods, local food security and health care, especially of poor people, maintained and, where depleted, restored.	Inland water biological resources that support sustainable livelihoods, local food security and health care, especially of poor people, maintained and, where depleted, restored.	Forest biological resources that support sustainable livelihoods, local food security and health care, especially of poor people dependent upon forests, maintained.	Mountain biological resources that support sustainable livelihoods, local food security and health care, especially of poor people living in mountains, maintained.	Biological resources that support sustainable livelihoods, local food security and health care, especially of poor people living in dry and sub-humid lands, maintained.	Biological resources that support sustainable livelihoods, local food security and health care, especially of poor people living on islands, maintained.
Focal area 5: Protect traditional knowledge, innovations and practices
Goal 9. Maintain socio-cultural diversity of indigenous and local communities
Target 9.1. Protect traditional knowledge, innovations and practices.	Measures to protect traditional knowledge, innovations and practices associated with marine and coastal biological diversity implemented, and the participation of indigenous and local communities in activities aimed at this promoted and facilitated.	Measures to protect traditional knowledge, innovations and practices associated with the biological diversity of inland water ecosystems implemented, and the participation of indigenous and local communities in activities aimed at this promoted and facilitated.	Measures to protect traditional knowledge, innovations and practices associated with forest biological diversity implemented, and the participation of indigenous and local communities in activities aimed at this promoted and facilitated.	Measures to protect traditional knowledge, innovations and practices associated with mountain biological diversity implemented, and the participation of indigenous and local communities in activities aimed at this promoted and facilitated.	Measures to protect traditional knowledge, innovations and practices associated with dry and sub-humid lands biological diversity implemented, and the participation of indigenous and local communities in activities aimed at this promoted and facilitated.	Measures to Protect traditional knowledge, innovations and practices associated with island biological diversity implemented, and the participation of indigenous and local communities in activities aimed at this promoted and facilitated.
Target 9.2: Protect the rights of indigenous and local communities over their traditional knowledge, innovations and practices, including their rights to benefit sharing.	Traditional knowledge, innovations and practices regarding marine and coastal biodiversity respected, preserved and maintained, the wider application of such knowledge, innovations and practices promoted with the prior informed consent and involvement of the indigenous and local communities providing such traditional knowledge, innovations and practices, and the benefits arising from such knowledge, innovations and practices equitably shared.	Traditional knowledge, innovations and practices regarding biological diversity of inland water ecosystems respected, preserved and maintained, the wider application of such knowledge, innovations and practices promoted with the prior informed consent and involvement of the indigenous and local communities providing such traditional knowledge, innovations and practices, and the benefits arising from such knowledge, innovations and practices equitably shared.	Traditional knowledge, innovations and practices regarding forest biodiversity respected, preserved and maintained, the wider application of such knowledge, innovations and practices promoted with the prior informed consent and involvement of the indigenous and local communities providing such traditional knowledge, innovations and practices, and the benefits arising from such knowledge, innovations and practices equitably shared.	Traditional knowledge, innovations and practices regarding mountain biodiversity respected, preserved and maintained, the wider application of such knowledge, innovations and practices promoted with the prior informed consent and involvement of the indigenous and local communities providing such traditional knowledge, innovations and practices, and the benefits arising from such knowledge, innovations and practices equitably shared.	Traditional knowledge, innovations and practices regarding dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity respected, preserved and maintained, the wider application of such knowledge, innovations and practices promoted with the prior informed consent and involvement of the indigenous and local communities providing such traditional knowledge, innovations and practices, and the benefits arising from such knowledge, innovations and practices equitably shared.	Traditional knowledge, innovations and practices regarding island biodiversity respected, preserved and maintained, the wider application of such knowledge, innovations and practices promoted with the prior informed consent and involvement of the indigenous and local communities providing such traditional knowledge, innovations and practices, and the benefits arising from such knowledge, innovations and practices equitably shared.
Focal area 6: Ensure the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of genetic resources
Goal 10. Ensure the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of genetic resources
Target 10.1: All access to genetic resources is in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity and its relevant provisions	All access to genetic resources derived from marine and coastal biological diversity is in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity. *	All access to genetic resources derived from inland water ecosystems is in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity. *	All access to genetic resources derived from forest biological diversity is in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity and its relevant provisions and, as appropriate and wherever possible, with the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. *	All access to genetic resources derived from mountain ecosystems is in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity and its relevant provisions and, as appropriate and wherever possible, with the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. *	A ll access to genetic resources derived from dry and sub-humid lands is in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity and its relevant provisions and, as appropriate and wherever possible, with the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. *	All access to genetic resources from islands is in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity and its relevant provisions and, as appropriate and wherever possible, with the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture and other applicable agreements. *
Target 10.2: Benefits arising from the commercial and other utilization of genetic resources shared in a fair and equitable way with countries providing such resources in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity and its relevant provisions.	Benefits arising from the commercial and other utilization of genetic resources derived from marine and coastal biological diversity shared with the countries providing such resources.	Benefits arising from the commercial and other utilization of genetic resources derived from inland water ecosystems shared with the countries providing such resources.	Benefits arising from the commercial and other utilization of forest genetic resources shared in a fair and equitable way with the countries providing such resources in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity and its relevant provisions.	Benefits arising from the commercial and other utilization of mountain genetic resources shared in a fair and equitable way with the countries providing such resources in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity and its relevant provisions.	Benefits arising from the commercial and other utilization of dry and sub-humid lands genetic resources shared in a fair and equitable way with the countries providing such resources in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity and its relevant provisions.	Benefits arising from the commercial and other utilization of island biodiversity genetic resources shared in a fair and equitable way with the countries providing such resources in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity and its relevant provisions.
Focal area 7: Ensure provision of adequate resources
Goal 11. Parties have improved financial, human, scientific, technical and technological capacity to implement the Convention
Target 11.1: New and additional financial resources are transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments under the Convention, in accordance with Article 20.	New and additional financial resources are transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments for the programme of work on marine and coastal biological diversity under the Convention, in accordance with Article 20.	New and additional financial resources are transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments for the programme of work on the biological diversity of inland water ecosystems under the Convention, in accordance with Article 20.	New and additional financial resources from public, private, domestic and/or international sources are transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments under the expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity, in accordance with Article 20.	New and additional financial resources are transferred to developing country Parties, in accordance with Article 20, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments under the programme of work on mountain biological diversity.	New and additional financial resources are transferred to developing Country Parties to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments under the programme of work on dry and sub-humid lands in accordance with Article 20.	New and additional financial resources are allocated to all islands, in particular small islands developing States and for developing country Parties, to facilitate the effective implementation of this programme of work and, in general, their commitments under the Convention in accordance with Article 20..
Target 11.2: Technology is transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments under the Convention, in accordance with its Article 20, paragraph 4.	Technology is transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments for the programme of work on marine and coastal biological diversity under the Convention, in accordance with its Article 20, paragraph 4.	Technology is transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments for the programme of work on the biological diversity of inland water ecosystems under the Convention, in accordance with its Article 20, paragraph 4.	Environmentally sound technology is transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of the expanded programme of work on forest biological diversity under the Convention, in accordance with its Article 20, paragraph 4, and Article 16.	Technology is transferred to developing country Parties, in accordance with its Article 20, paragraph 4, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments under the programme of work on mountain biological diversity.	Technology is transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of the programme of work on the biodiversity of dry and sub-humid lands and their commitments under the Convention, in accordance with Article 20, paragraph 4.	Technologies are transferred to developing country Parties, in particular small island developing States, to allow for the effective implementation of this programme of work and, in general, their commitments under the Convention, in accordance with Article 20, paragraph 4.
						Capacity of islands to implement the programme of work on island biological diversity and all its priority activities is significantly strengthened.

* Noting that not all Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity are also Parties to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources.

Annex V

SUMMARY OF INDICATOR STATUS AND WORK THAT NEEDS TO BE CARRIED OUT

Headline Indicator 2 /	Status3 /	Potential Measures	Data available now?	Method-ology available now?	Possible sources of data	Organizations to coordinate delivery of indicator
Trends in extent of selected biomes, ecosystems, and habitats 4 /	B	Forests, and forest types (e.g. mangroves)	Yes	Yes	FRA (FAO); EU-JRC, NASA Modland; Corine land cover (see appendix 2 to the AHTEG report 5 /)	UNEP-WCMC (with FAO, NASA-NGO Conservation Working Group and other relevant partners)
		Peatlands	Yes	Yes	Various national datasets and remote-sensing (see appendix 2 to the AHTEG report)
		Coral reefs	Yes	Yes	GCRMN/Reefcheck
		Croplands	Yes	Yes	National regional datasets and remote-sensing (see appendix 2 to the AHTEG report), MA
		(Natural) grasslands	Yes	Yes	Remote-sensing (see appendix 2 to the AHTEG report), MA
		Polar/ice	Yes	Yes	Remote-sensing( see appendix 2 to the AHTEG report), MA
		Inland wetlands	No	No	Remote-sensing (see appendix 2 to the AHTEG report), MA
		Tidal flats/estuaries	No	No	Remote-sensing (see appendix 2 to the AHTEG report), MA
		Seagrasses	No	No	Seagrass Atlas , MA
		Dry and sub-humid lands	No	No	LADA, Remote-sensing (see appendix 2), MA
		Urban	No	No	Remote-sensing (see appendix 2), MA
Trends in abundance and distribution of selected species	B	Living Planet Index	Yes	Yes	WWF	UNEP-WCMC (WWF, Birdlife International and others, encouraged to review and refine methodology for calculation of index; These groups and IUCN encouraged to compare and share data with that used for the Red List Index.) Indices could be developed from data disaggregated (e.g.: migratory species, wetland species))
	B	Various species assemblage-trends indices	Yes	Yes	Birdlife International and partners, others
Coverage of protected areas	B	Coverage according to World List of Protected areas.	Yes	Yes	WCMC/WCPA	UNEP-WCMC/IUCN-WCPA
		Ecological networks and corridors	Yes	Could be developed	MBC, PEEN etc.
		Overlays with areas of key importance to biodiversity	Yes	Yes	WCMC, WCPA, BirdLife International
		Inclusion on community and private protected areas	No	No
		Management effectiveness	No	No
*Change in status of threatened species*	B	Red List Index (IUCN-SSC)	Yes	Yes	Red List Consortium	Red List Consortium (Methodological refinements requested)
*Trends in genetic diversity of domesticated animals, cultivated plants, and fish species of major socioeconomic importance*	B	Ex situ crop collections	Yes	Could be developed	FAO (SOW, WIEWS); IPGRI (CGIAR-SINGER); Fishbase	FAO with IPGRI on behalf of CGIAR
		Livestock genetic resources	Yes	Could be developed	FAO (DADIS)
		Fish genetic resources	Yes	Could be developed	FAO; Fishbase
		Tree genetic resources	Some	Could be developed	REFORGEN database of FAO; OECD
		Varieties on-farm	Some	Could be developed	FAO, IPGRI, OECD
*Area of forest, agricultural and aquaculture ecosystems under sustainable management*	B	Existing data sets for measuring sustainability of agriculture, aquaculture and forestry, including FAO reports, Certification, and Ecological corridors and community-based management areas, and wildlife sustainable management schemes	Yes	Yes	FAO reports; Certification bodies (e.g., FSC, MSC, ISO, PEFC, CSA, SFI, LEI); MBC; Parties	UNEP-WCMC with FAO
Proportion of products derived from sustainable sources	C		No	No	Equilibrium/WWF/World Bank/TNC intend to propose some indicators	SCBD
Ecological footprint and related concepts	C	Ecological footprint	Yes	Yes,	FAO, IAE, IPCC, UNEP-WCMC	Ecological Footprint network
Ecological footprint and related concepts	C	Other measures of the area of land and sea needed to support production of goods and deliver services	Some	Some		SCBD and UNEP-WCMC
Nitrogen deposition	B		Yes	Yes	Available (INI) models for 2010 could be developed with additional effort	INI with UNEP-WCMC
*Trends in invasive alien species*	B	Numbers and cost of alien invasive species	Yes – some areas	Yes	Various, particularly national data sets	GISP
*Trends in invasive alien species*	B	Other measures to be identified and developed	Some	No		GISP
Marine Trophic Index	B		Yes	Yes	Available (UBC)	UBC
Water quality of freshwater ecosystems	B	Indicator of biological oxygen demand (BOD), nitrates and sediments/ turbidity	Yes	Yes	UNEP-GEMS/Water Programme	UNEP-GEMS/Water Programme
Trophic integrity of other ecosystems	C		No	No		SCBD to assemble available information
*Connectivity / fragmentation of ecosystems*	B	Patch size distribution of terrestrial habitats (forests and possibly other habitat types)	Yes	Yes	NASA Consortium; CI; WWF-US based on remote sensing data	UNEP-WCMC (with FAO, CI, NASA-NGO Conservation Working Group and USDA-FS)
*Connectivity / fragmentation of ecosystems*		Fragmentation of river systems	Yes	Yes	WRI
Incidence of human-induced ecosystem failure	C	(see notes)	Some	No	SCBD to assemble available information for later consideration	SCBD/UNEP-WCMC
Health and well-being of communities who depend directly on local ecosystem goods and services	C		No	No	To be identified	SCBD
Biodiversity for food and medicine	C		Some	No	FAO, IPGRI, WHO and others	SCBD
Status and trends of linguistic diversity and numbers of speakers of indigenous languages	B		Yes	Under review	UNESCO World Atlas of Endangered Languages; Ethnologue: Languages of the World - Fifteenth Edition	UNESCO with UNEP-WCMC (Smithsonian Institution requested to explore possible application of Red List methodology)
Other indicator of the status of indigenous and traditional knowledge	C		No	No	To be considered by the Working Group on Article 8(j) (possibly including land-tenure of indigenous and local communities)	SCBD
Indicator of access and benefit-sharing	C		No	No	To be considered by the Working Group on Access and Benefit-sharing	SCBD
Official development assistance provided in support of the Convention	B	Official development assistance as marked	Some	Yes	Donor countries encouraged to mark data	OECD (OECD is working on this for a trial period)
Indicator of technology transfer	C		No	No	Countries invited to submit information. The Expert Group on Technology Transfer may wish to consider this matter.	SCBD

1 / The numbering of the goals and targets incorporated into the programme of work on island biodiversity has been aligned with that used in the provisional framework for evaluating progress towards the 2010 framework.

2 / Bold = Indicator considered ready for immediate testing and use (column B in decision VII/30); Bold italic = Indicator considered ready for immediate testing and use and therefore recommended for upgrading from column C to column B;Regular = Indicator confirmed as requiring more work (to remain in column C)

3 / B = Indicator is considered ready for immediate testing and use; C = Indicator requires further work

4 / Based on current and short-term future availability of trend information, the following major ecosystem types are recommended for immediate indicator implementation: (i) forests (including different forest types, notably mangroves), (ii) peatlands (probably for certain geographic areas only by 2010), (iii) coral reefs, (iv) croplands, (v) grasslands/savannahs, (vi) polar/ice. Efforts should also be made to apply the indicator to the following ecosystem types, for which suitable global datasets need to be gathered, to ensure coverage of all thematic areas recognized by the Convention: (i) inland wetlands, (ii) tidal flats/estuaries, (iii) seagrass beds, (iv) dry and sub-humid lands, and (v) urban.

5 / UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/10/INF/7.