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Inside this sneaker startup’s efforts to bring biodiversity back to Brazil

A few fashion brands have recently hired chief science officers who are tasked with developing cutting-edge new materials. Sneaker startup Cariuma has one devoted to the rain forest.

This Supplier Engagement Program Promotes Pollinators and Biodiversity

The urgency of environmental challenges like climate change and biodiversity loss is mounting. Scientists are sounding the alarm of a sixth mass extinction, with 30 to 50 percent of all species on Earth expected to be lost by the middle of this century. And the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate ...

'Five times the size of London each year': BNP Paribas tots up the biodiversity footprint of its investments

Banking giant takes a stab at caclulating biodiversity impacts of its financing activities for first time, as it looks to meet requirements of new French nature reporting law

Summer of Sustainability: Adidas Turns Plastic Bottles into New Eco-Friendly Sneaker Line

adidas is putting their best foot forward towards sustainability with its latest ORIGINALS collaboration with Parley, a launch featuring colorful Nizza sneakers and sportswear made from recycled materials.

8,000 green bottles … Carlsberg trials fibre beer containers

Carlsberg is to conduct its biggest trial of recyclable fibre beer bottles across Europe. The bottles are made of a wood-based fibre shell and a plant-based polyethylene furanoate (PEF) polymer lining.

Mary Kay Inc. Expands Partnership With The Nature Conservancy to Protect Biodiversity and Marine Resources

Oyster reefs benefit humans and the environment through a suite of ecosystem services. A single oyster can filter up to 240 liters of water a day, resulting in increased water quality and clarity while supporting a unique and highly diverse community of fish and invertebrate marine species. In E ...

Financial Services Firms Face Disclosure Requirements for Biodiversity Investments

Financial firms already struggling with climate-compliance due to unclear measurement metrics will soon face new disclosure requirements for biodiversity, or nature-related, investments.

World’s largest vats for growing ‘no-kill’ meat to be built in US

The building of the world’s largest bioreactors to produce cultivated meat has been announced, with the potential to supply tens of thousands of shops and restaurants. Experts said the move could be a “gamechanger” for the nascent industry.

What happened at the biodiversity COP, and why it matters to business

We’re nearly halfway through 2022 but are already seeing a world on fire, both literally and figuratively. Climate change is causing heatwaves, challenging food production, disrupting supply chains and threatening livelihoods. The demands on business are compounded by the escalating conflict in ...

Why should biodiversity be part of the ESG mix?

In responsible investing, numerous environmental, social and governance (ESG) metrics can play into risk and performance. To date, the “E” in ESG has been dominated by climate change. Biodiversity, another aspect of the environment, has been called the missing piece of the ESG puzzle.

Businesses are contributing to the Paris Agreement for nature. Here’s how

The latest round of negotiations on the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework was recently concluded in Geneva. For the first time at a United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) meeting, leading businesses turned out in force in support of more ambition.

Honda joins alliance dedicated to biodiversity protection

Honda Motor Co., Ltd. stated that it is now a part of the "30 by 30 Alliance for Biodiversity," a group dedicated to preserving biodiversity, one of the world's most pressing environmental issues.

Innovations in sustainable fashion

The global fashion sector, mainly the apparel and footwear industry, produced more greenhouse gases than France, Germany, and the UK combined in 2018, around 2.1 billion metric tons of CO2 emissions—approximately 4% of total global emissions, according to research by McKinsey.

With key ingredients at risk, YSL Beauty expands biodiversity conservation

Its new programme, Rewild Our Earth, aims to protect entire regions that produce key ingredients, raising the bar on what biodiversity conservation work can look like in the context of a corporate supply chain.

Consumers should cut new clothes purchases by 75% to make wardrobes sustainable

If things don't change fast, the fashion industry could use a quarter of the world's remaining global carbon budget to keep warming under 2℃ by 2050, and use 35% more land to produce fibres by 2030.

The most ‘sustainable’ garment is the one that shows its wear, proudly

To attempt to buy “sustainable” clothing in 2022 is to face a carnival’s worth of smoke and mirrors — that is, if you’re buying new.

EU-Africa Business Forum wants action for sustainable garment sector

The 7th EU-Africa Business Forum 2022, jointly organised by the African Union (AU) Commission, the European Union (EU) and European business organisations recently, launched the Joint EU Africa Business Declaration to influence policymaking and business activities, and reconcile concrete actions ...

Fast Fashion Pollution and Climate Change

‘Fast Fashion’ is a term used to define a highly profitable and exploitative business model that is “based on copying and replicating high end fashion designs”. The clothes are mass-produced, with workers often working in inhumane conditions, and are purposefully designed to be frail with a limi ...

Vinexposium announces detailed plans for Bordeaux Wine Week

In a press conference held during last week’s Paris show, Vinexposium revealed plans for a sharp focus on sustainability and technology during the upcoming Bordeaux Wine Week.

Biodiversity meets the bottom line

Net-zero commitments exploded last year, with the number of companies making them doubling. Race to Zero, part of the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change, estimated that net-zero commitments covered about 68 percent of the global economy in 2021, compared to just 16 percent in 2019, a mo ...

Fresh Del Monte emphasises biodiversity

Leading fresh produce producer-distributor-marketer Fresh Del Monte Produce has emphasised the need for the industry to tackle the issue of biodiversity if it is to have a sustainable future.

Meet Uni, the Zero-Waste Body Care Brand That Wants to Shake Up the Industry–And Save Our Oceans

Did you know plastic pollution is on track to double by 2030? Addressing it is an urgent matter, particularly when it comes to the ocean, where millions of tons of plastic waste are dumped every year, infiltrating the ecosystem and causing harm to wildlife.

Harth of Nature ready to bloom

IT has been a bumpy ride for the operators of the St Mary-based Harth of Nature, which produces wines and spirits from local produce, including guava and naseberry, but with the help of the Social Development Commission (SDC) the company now seems set for smooth sailing.

What’s the best way to tackle COVID and climate change? Anthropology, says the woman who predicted the global financial crisis

In 2005, Gillian Tett wrote her colleagues at the Financial Times a memo arguing that the paper should devote more time to covering those submerged parts of the ‘Financial Iceberg’, such as credit and derivatives.

New condo celebrates lakefront biodiversity with 120-metre mural along the Gardiner

When Julie Di Lorenzo was earning her Global Professional Master of Laws degree at U of T in 2019-20, she was fascinated by “Dragonfly,” an artwork of laser-engraved and hand-distressed acrylic panels, in the faculty of law’s atrium.

Rolex supports Mission Blue's ocean preservation efforts in the Osa Peninsula in Costa Rica

Thanks to the support of Rolex, ocean conservation organisation Mission Blue is able to unveil its latest Hope Spot in Costa Rica, which will allow humpback whales and other ocean giants to breed peacefully in the warm seas off the Osa Peninsula.

Google’s ‘dragonscale’ solar-powered roof signals growing demand for sustainable workspaces

About 40 miles south of San Francisco, three futuristic structures rise from the earth. With sloping roofs clad in thousands of overlapping tiles, the buildings could be mistaken for the world’s most architecturally advanced circus tent.

Dairy giant Yili Group, Huawei come out top in China for hitting UN’s sustainable development targets, Hurun Report finds

Yili Group and Huawei Technologies have been ranked top among Chinese companies for their commitment to hitting United Nations sustainable development goals, as the country increasingly shifts its focus towards environment, social and governance (ESG) efforts.

IKEA buys land damaged by hurricane in Florida to plant forests

Ingka Group, the owner of most IKEA furniture stores worldwide, has bought more land in the United States as part of a long-term commitment to responsible forest management, it said on Thursday.

Corporates sustain deforestation crisis

Influential companies and financial institutions are undermining global action on climate change and risking damage to their own businesses by failing to tackle the problem of tropical deforestation, Global Canopy reveals in its annual Forest 500 report released today.

5 biodiversity guidelines to watch in 2022

Biodiversity bubbled up as an important — if still overlooked — issue for businesses during 2021. And sustainability professionals can anticipate the emergence of important new resources for that agenda to emerge during the months ahead.

Samsung Collaborates With Patagonia To Keep Microplastics Out of Our Oceans

We’ve all seen the heartbreaking images of once beautiful beaches that are now covered in plastic waste. This problem means that birds, turtles and other forms of sea life are now required to share their habitats with endless mounds of bottles, straws and other discarded plastics.

European stores pull products linked to Brazil deforestation

Several European supermarket chains are dropping Brazilian beef products linked to destruction of the Amazon rainforest and tropical wetland, the US activist group Mighty Earth said Thursday.

Financialization of nature: The biggest land grab in humankind’s history begins

Called a natural asset company, or NAC, the vehicle will allow for the formation of specialized corporations “that hold the rights to the ecosystem services produced on a given chunk of land, services like carbon sequestration or clean water.”

Nordea AM among nine firms to join €12tn biodiversity pledge

84 financial firms have now joined the Finance for Biodiversity Pledge.

Hundreds of Companies Promised to Help Save Forests. Did They?

The 2020 deadline arrived, and some companies reported advances toward their goal. No company, however, could say it had eliminated forest destruction from its supply chain. Many others did not even try.

Data point: World Soil Day

Soil erosion costs the global economy US$8bn a year, and reduces agri-food production by 33.7m tonnes, leading to increases of up to 3.5% in world food prices

How Fashion Can Deliver on COP26 Ambitions

Amid mounting evidence of fashion’s dramatically negative climate impact, countries, communities and companies are mobilising around protecting the planet. However, a new era of climate action will be required if fashion is to meet ambitious targets to reverse the damage being done.

SCOR strengthens biodiversity commitment

French reinsurer SCOR has joined act4nature international, an alliance of companies committed to accelerating concrete business action in favour of nature and biodiversity.

Groupe SEB Joins Act4Nature International and Commits to the Preservation of Biodiversity

Groupe SEB (Paris:SK) joins the Act4Nature International alliance, on the occasion of the launch of the European Business & Nature Summit 2021 (EBNS). As such, the Group is now one of 13 companies to make public its commitments to the preservation of biodiversity.

Preah Sihanouk eyes underwater tourism

Preah Sihanouk province has set its sights on underwater tourism, as a new way to lure in national and international tourists, and open an ocean of rich biodiversity and scuba diving experiences to enthusiasts and beginners alike, according to tourism officials and experts.

European Business and Nature Summit streamlining biodiversity into business

Organized by the EU Business@Biodiversity Platform of the European Commission and other partners, the summit aims to strengthen the growing movement of companies across Europe and beyond that are putting nature and people at the centre of their recovery strategies.

To Drive Forward Agricultural Practices With Positive Impact on Climate and Biodiversity, Rémy Cointreau Supports a Multi-year Programme to Measure Soil Health on Wine Growing and Cereals

Faced with the reality of climate change, the Group now has a dual responsibility to not only protect its terroirs but also to promote them as a “solution”. It must ensure its living soils play their full part in combating global warming by cultivating their biodiversity and maximising their pot ...

Qatar - Green business after COP26

Climate science clearly shows that future prosperity and equity lies in only one direction: toward a nature-positive, zero-carbon global economy

Natural Resources: Brands Partnering with Indigenous Communities on Forest Conservation

Consumer goods brands and retailers aiming to diminish their climate impacts or even become forest positive can find cost-effective solutions to protect forests when they partner with indigenous communities on the ground.

Digital technologies rescue food from landfill

Food waste has reached colossal proportions and the magnitude of the problem requires equally massive resources with the potential to supply sustainable answers. What better than the dynamic digital databases and advanced analytics we literally have access to “at our fingertips”.

Social media firms can tackle wildlife trade

Wildlife trading on social media is a complex issue – but tech firms can take steps to tackle it, according to new research.

Komodo Dragon NFT Becomes The First NFT In Solana Blockchain To Create A Hospitality Business

The global NFT market has practically exploded in recent times, growing to become a multi-billion-dollar market in the shortest possible duration. In a related development, the industry has attracted the attention of private individuals as well as institutions across industries. Unfortunately, t ...

Circular business models present ‘significant opportunity’

A new report from the Ellen MacArthur Foundation (EMF) suggests circular business models have the potential to unlock huge environmental and financial gains for brands and retailers. The non-profit estimates the market for rental, resale, repair and remake services – currently valued at around ...

ASR Nederland N : A.s.r. to reward farmers for sustainable business operations

a.s.r. is going to reward farmers who are committed to sustainable business operations. Farmers who use agricultural land owned by a.s.r. can receive a discount of 5 to 10% on the rent if they manage their land sustainably. In order to make the agricultural sector more sustainable, a.s.r. has fo ...

Singapore keen to partner European businesses in low carbon solutions, green finance: Gan Kim Yong

The Republic is keen to partner European businesses to make strides in low carbon solutions and green finance as it establishes itself as a regional carbon service hub, said Trade and Industry Minister Gan Kim Yong on Friday (Nov 19).

Alternative pathways

The Fiji Blue Carbon project is expected to identify alternative pathways and financing options to safeguard Fiji’s management and restoration of mangroves.

HSBC Launches Indexes That Screen Firms for Biodiversity Risk

Investors looking for ESG strategies have been handed a new group of indexes promising to focus on biodiversity by excluding companies that are found to pose a threat to nature. The Euronext ESG Biodiversity Screened Index series is being launched on Tuesday by HSBC Holdings Plc, which develope ...

The Environment Act and the role of 'biodiversity net-gain'

The biodiversity net-gain requirement is among the most important conservation policy initiatives of the last two decades, argues Environment Bank chairman and founder Professor David Hill CBE

Asia Pacific Rayon unveils ambitious 2030 sustainability agenda

Asia Pacific Rayon (APR), Indonesia’s largest integrated viscose rayon producer, has launched its ten-year sustainability vision, APR2030.

Nature can't wait

30x30 will not happen by itself; it will require time, attention, and money. Economists estimate that achieving this goal – by conserving the world’s most important intact wild areas and restoring crucial degraded habitats – would represent less than one-third of the amount that governments spen ...

How businesses can use nature-based solutions to build resilience

The technological solutions using big data, and AI/ML would be useless if the capacity to use is not developed within organizations. The bandwidth to adopt, integrate and use technologies is crucial and can be supported using company processes and building culture. In addition, a nature inclusiv ...

Gov't working to create enabling environment for green investments — Charles Jr

Minister of Housing, Urban Renewal, Environment and Climate Change, Pearnel Charles Jr says the government is working to create an enabling environment to stimulate and generate green investments.

Investors must assess biodiversity risk: ACSI

The Australian Council of Superannuation Investors is urging its members to assess the financial risk posed by biodiversity loss and push companies to do more to protect the environment from deforestation, ecosystem extinction and pollution of the oceans and freshwater resources. New research b ...

Ethos to push biodiversity, digital responsibility in engagement strategy

Ethos foundation’s international engagement platform – Ethos Engagement Pool (EEP) International – will address digital responsibility and biodiversity as topics in its dialogue with companies in 2022.

Gecina and 15 Other Companies Launch a Research Program Focused on the Biodiversity Footprint of Real Estate Projects With Support from the OID

Led by Gecina (Paris:GFC), several urban and regional stakeholders are taking action to protect biodiversity and launching the Biodiversity Impulsion Group (BIG) program that combines applied research with collective actions.

Resilience in diversity: Financing nature and biodiversity

Greece, Turkey and California were aflame in heatwave induced wildfires, Canada was caught under a heat dome and a year’s worth of rain poured over Germany, Belgium, China and Sudan within a couple of days- devastating communities with floods in its wake. The message is clear, we are in a planet ...

Nature wants its due and is looking to investors and capital

The lead up to the COP26 climate summit has been dominating headlines – with good reason – but the fate of the planet’s long-term health also hinges on another global conference series that’s already underway.

Beauty Brands Building Biodiversity, Better Packaging Solutions

Aveda — a market leader in vegan, cruelty-free, plant-based, sustainable hair care — today announced a partnership with leading packaging provider, Xela Pack, to develop prestige beauty’s first-ever paper-based, locally recyclable sachet.

Business and Biodiversity Week 2021

18 - 22 October 2021, Online

Business leaders call on governments to do more to tackle global biodiversity crisis

Business leaders have urged world leaders to do more to tackle the global biodiversity crisis. In an open letter, signed by the chief executives of H&M , Unilever and nine others, governments are told they risk a “dead planet” if they don’t take meaningful action on mass extinctions of wildlife ...

Fresh Del Monte Further Commits to Sustainable Agriculture Practices, Speaking at World Biodiversity Summit

-Fresh Del Monte Produce Inc., one of the world’s leading vertically integrated producers, distributors, and marketers of fresh and fresh-cut fruits and vegetables, announced today its participation at this year’s World Biodiversity Summit, occurring alongside the United Nations Climate Change C ...

Business and Biodiversity Week 2021, 18-22 October 2021

Reference: SCBD/SSSF/ML/BB/OH/GD/89907 (2021-070)
To: CBD National Focal Points, Resource Mobilization National Focal Points, financial sector representatives, businesses, indigenous peoples and local communities, UN agencies, IGOs, NGOs and other relevant international stakeholders

These 8 business leaders are championing a nature-positive economy – Here's why

We know, now more than ever, that our fate as a species is deeply connected with the fate of our natural environment. Nature loss has tangible business and economic impacts. Over half the world’s total GDP is moderately or highly dependent on nature and its services and is therefore at risk. We ...

Equilibrium/Sustainability — Presented by The American Petroleum Institute — Bezos promises $1 billion for biodiversity

Amazon.com founder Jeff Bezos announced on Monday that he would put $1 billion into conserving critical landscapes in places like the Amazon and the Congo Basin, The New York Times reported.

Spanish rosé that helps protect coral reefs launched

Bodegas Peñascal in Valladolid has launched an ‘ethical’ rosé at its carbon-neutral winery that donates 10% of its profits to the conservation of coral reefs.

LVMH, Kering and a big new challenge: Biodiversity

Luxury fashion, like every other sector, is coming under pressure to do more to support biodiversity. That much is clear from the IUCN World Conservation Congress, which is being staged in Marseilles from 3 to 11 September.

Webinar on land-based jobs for youth: Building your business and seizing opportunities (webinar #3)

2 September 2021, Virtual, Bonn, Germany

Price tag on the planet? Helping business value nature

From agriculture to housing to transportation, economic growth has historically depended on burning through finite natural resources and rearranging natural landscapes.

Facebook pledges to restore more water than it uses by 2030 as part of effort to combat climate change

Facebook announced plans Thursday to restore more water than it consumes by the year 2030, the company’s latest initiative targeting climate change.

‘Your outfit is killing the planet’: the company putting a label on fashion’s climate impact

Your outfit is killing the planet.” That’s the message footwear and clothing company Allbirds is using to raise consumer awareness about the fashion industry’s link to the climate crisis. Figures are debated, but an estimated 10% of annual global carbon emissions originate from the fashion industry.

Addressing biodiversity authentically and effectively

Biodiversity provides humanity and our economies with the resources needed to thrive. However, the planet is experiencing a great loss of biodiversity due to overfishing, deforestation and pollution. Humans and our planet’s ecosystem are inextricably linked and as our planet warms, the threat to ...

“Either We All Win Or We All Lose” – Read Gucci’s Powerful Message To The Fashion Industry

As the Italian fashion house releases its first Impact report, we speak exclusively to the brand’s CEO and president, Marco Bizzarri, about Gucci’s sustainability commitments.

Leading companies promise action against biodiversity loss

More than 50 companies across the world have stepped forward to show their shared commitment to protecting biodiversity, according to a news release by the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity on Wednesday.

Leading companies respond to biodiversity loss

More than 50 companies have stepped forward to show their shared commitment as part of the 'Sharm El Sheikh to Kunming Action Agenda for Nature and People' in support of the global biodiversity framework expected to be adopted in October at Kunming in China during the 15th Conference of the Part ...

Fashion label Chanel invests US$25 million in new climate adaptation fund

French fashion house Chanel is backing a new climate adaptation fund that aims to raise US$100 million by 2025 to invest in projects to promote sustainable agriculture, protect forests and support small-scale farmers in developing countries.

Biodiversity: Why Is It A Corporate Concern?

Biodiversity loss is a global phenomenon. Driven by habitat degradation, climate change, the introduction of invasive species and other anthropogenically induced factors, around one million of the eight million plant and animal species on earth are threatened with extinction. Increasingly, biodi ...

Biodiversity disclosures set to become part of company reporting

A global initiative aimed at measuring the impact that financial institutions and corporations are having on the natural world, which received an endorsement from French President Emmanuel Macron, is officially underway.

Leading companies respond to biodiversity loss by committing to the Action Agenda for Nature and People

Leading companies respond to biodiversity loss by committing to the Action Agenda for Nature and People

Amsterdam/Montreal, 9 June 2021 – More than 50 companies have stepped forward to show their shared commitment as part of the ‘Sharm El Sheikh to Kunming Action Agenda for Nature and People’ in support of the global biodiversity framework expected to be adopted in October 2021, Kunming , China, ...

3 Reasons Companies Are Investing In Forest Conservation And Restoration, And How They Do It

The world is facing two interdependent environmental crises: the accelerating destruction of nature and climate change. Corporate citizenship is an integral part of the problem and solution to these twin threats.

Two-day events of COP15 meeting on biodiversity to conclude in Kunming

A subsidiary event of the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP15) kicked off Sunday in Kunming, the capital of southwest China's Yunnan Province. Co-hosted by the Secretariat Office of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Ministry ...

Amorepacific Commits To Biodiversity Conservation, Green Chemistry in New Sustainability Goal

Amorepacific’s newly announced ‘2030 A More Beautiful Promise,” is the beauty giant’s new set of sustainability management goals it aims to achieve by 2030. There are five goals under two guiding pillars—which are “moving forward together with customers and society” and “coexisting responsibly w ...

Guerlain strengthens its commitment to biodiversity by joining UEBT

The French luxury brand has joined the Union for Ethical BioTrade (UEBT), thus reinforcing its commitment to carefully control the environmental and social impact of its supply chain.

Fashion's green future of seaweed coats and mushroom shoes

From making algae-sequin dresses, dyeing clothes with bacteria to planting trackable pigments in cotton, an emerging tide of technological innovations offers the fashion industry a chance to clean up its woeful environmental record.

HeidelbergCement launches biodiversity competition

HeidelbergCement has launched the fifth edition of the Quarry Life Award, its nature-based competition involving more than 20 countries worldwide. Researchers, students, local communities, NGOs and nature lovers from around the world can pitch their ideas for sustainable quarry management, with ...

Champions League final switch good for environment but football must do more

It was bad enough in 2019 when tens of thousands of football supporters from the United Kingdom traipsed across Europe to watch two English clubs, Tottenham and Liverpool, play the Champions League final at Atlético Madrid’s stadium in Spain. More easily, cheaply and comfortably they could have ...

Regenerative Agriculture, Coming Soon to a Timberland Shoe Near You

Regenerative agriculture was once a backwater of experimental farming strategies. Now Timberland, and its parent company VF Corporation, have pushed it into the limelight by announcing the first regenerative rubber supply system in the apparel industry.

Apple, Conservation International introduce mangrove carbon credit

There’s a fresh nature-based carbon project in town, and she’s getting attention from corporations with ambitious net-zero goals. Her name? Mangroves, a type of tree species and coastal forest ecosystem native to the tropics and subtropics.

Net Zero Nature: Can business and nature join forces in the climate fight?

Just a couple of decades ago, the notion of a major company investing in nature might have seemed absurd – today it is mission critical to the future of the economy

Housebuilding industry can be at the forefront of biodiversity

Biodiversity should be considered at the earliest stages of planning new home developments to encourage wildlife and help reverse habitat decline, according to a new report from the NHBC Foundation, with the support of the RSPB and Barratt Developments.

SHEBA® unveils Hope Reef: World's Largest Coral Restoration Program Announced

Leading cat food brand SHEBA® has begun work on the world's largest coral restoration program, which aims to restore more than 185,000 square meters of coral reefs around the world by 2029

Making a positive impact: how tech is helping us restore planet earth

Robot jellyfish, and staying in your pajamas – how are these things helping to save the world? We explore how technology is tackling some of the planet’s biggest environmental concerns. Some of these initiatives help humans, some help trees, some help the sea – but all help planet earth!

The Role of Businesses in Environmental Efforts

With decennial arctic ice drops of 13.1 percent and rising temperatures, per NASA figures, more countries and businesses have deemed it imperative to stop or slow down climate change. While adopting ecologically mindful practices would require spending from the private sector,

Chanel collaborates with Cambridge University on sustainability

Chanel is collaborating with the University of Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership (CISL) to focus on sustainability solutions and leadership. The three-year partnership will initially work on building an education and sustainability leadership programme, innovative operational pro ...