In decision VII/30, the Conference of the Parties (COP) decided to establish goals and sub-targets (listed below) for each of the identified focal areas to clarify the 2010 Biodiversity Target and promote coherence among the programmes of work of the Convention by providing a flexible framework within which national and/or regional targets may be developed.

The COP requested the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice to review and further refine the goals and sub-targets, ensuring that they are linked to relevant Millennium Development Goals, initiatives of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, and the goals articulated by other relevant international processes and to identify indicators for the sub-targets, ideally associated with the indicators adopted to assess progress towards the 2010 Biodiversity Target.

Focal Area: Protect the components of biodiversity

Goal 1. Promote the conservation of the biological diversity of ecosystems, habitats and biomes

• Target 1.1: At least 10% of each of the world's ecological regions effectively conserved.
• Target 1.2: Areas of particular importance to biodiversity protected

Goal 2. Promote the conservation of species diversity

• Target 2.1: Restore, maintain, or reduce the decline of populations of species of selected taxonomic groups
• Target 2.2: Status of threatened species improved.

Goal 3. Promote the conservation of genetic diversity

• Target 3.1: Genetic diversity of crops, livestock, and of harvested species of trees, fish and wildlife and other valuable species conserved, and associated indigenous and local knowledge maintained.

Focal Area: Promote sustainable use

Goal 4. Promote sustainable use and consumption.

• Target 4.1: Biodiversity-based products derived from sources that are sustainably managed, and Production areas managed consistent with the conservation of biodiversity.
• Target 4.2: Unsustainable consumption, of biological resources, or that impacts upon biodiversity, reduced.
• Target 4.3: No species of wild flora or fauna endangered by international trade.

Focal Area: Address threats to biodiversity

Goal 5. Pressures from habitat loss, land use change and degradation, and unsustainable water use, reduced.

• Target 5.1: Rate of loss and degradation of natural habitats decreased.

Goal 6. Control threats from invasive alien species.

• Target 6.1: Pathways for major potential alien invasive species controlled.
• Target 6.2: Management plans in place for major alien species that threaten ecosystems, habitats or species.

Goal 7. Address challenges to biodiversity from climate change, and pollution.

• Target 7.1: Maintain and enhance resilience of the components of biodiversity to adapt to climate change
• Target 7.2: Reduce pollution and its impacts on biodiversity

Focal Area: Maintain goods and services from biodiversity to support human well-being

Goal 8. Maintain capacity of ecosystems to deliver goods and services and support livelihoods

• Target 8.1: Capacity of ecosystems to deliver goods and services maintained.
• Target 8.2: biological resources that support sustainable livelihoods, local food security and health care, especially of poor people maintained.

Focal Area: Protect traditional knowledge, innovations and practices

Goal 9 Maintain socio-cultural diversity of indigenous and local communities

• Target 9.1 Protect traditional knowledge, innovations and practices
• Target 9.2: Protect the rights of indigenous and local communities over their traditional knowledge, innovations and practices, including their rights to benefit sharing

Focal Area: Ensure the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of genetic resources

Goal 10. Ensure the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of genetic resources

• Target 10.1: All transfers of genetic resources are in line with the Convention on Biological Diversity, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture and other applicable agreements.
• Target 10.2: Benefits arising from the commercial and other utilization of genetic resources shared with the countries providing such resources.

Focal Area: Ensure provision of adequate resources

Goal 11: Parties have improved financial, human, scientific, technical and technological capacity to implement the Convention

• Target 11.1: New and additional financial resources are transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments under the Convention, in accordance with Article 20.
• Target 11.2: Technology is transferred to developing country Parties, to allow for the effective implementation of their commitments under the Convention, in accordance with its Article 20, paragraph 4.