In paragraph 11 of COP decision X/37, the Executive Secretary was requested to:

-Compile, analyse and summarize information on tools for voluntary use, including on available standards and methodologies to assess direct and indirect effects and impacts on biodiversity of the production and use of biofuels, in their full life cycle as compared to that of other types of fuels, and impacts on biodiversity that affect related socio-economic conditions;

-Carry out this work taking into account the work of, and in collaboration with, relevant partner organizations and processes;

-Disseminate and facilitate access to the summarised information on tools through the clearing-house mechanism and other relevant means.

Compilations of Tools and Approaches

• Global Bioenergy Partnership (GBEP) Toolkit: Searchable compilation of tools. Includes analytical tools to assess and unlock sustainable bioenergy potential; financing options for bioenergy projects and programmes; and clearing-house on methodologies to calculate GHG emissions from bioenergy.
  

• Implementing Sustainable Bioenergy Production; A Compilation of Tools and Approaches (2008)– submitted by IUCN in response to notification 2008-100.
  

Tools and Approaches for Biofuels Sustainability Assessments

• Analyses de Cycle de Vie appliquées aux biocarburants de première génération consommés en France (2010): Par BIO Intelligence Service – in France's submission for notification 2011-121.
  

• BIOBIB–A Database for biofuels: Provides combustion data and ash analysis for various feedstocks and biomass wastes – K. Reisinger et al. at University of Technology, Vienna.
  

• Bioenergy Environmental Impact Analysis (BIAS): Analytical Framework (2010) – prepared by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
  

• BioGrace voluntary scheme for calculating actual GHG values: Tools for the calculation of biofuel greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
  

• BIOMITRE software tool: BIOmass based Climate Change MITigation through Renewable Energy Systems: Runs calculations that provide various possible scenarios of energy and GHG balances from different bioenergy and fossil reference systems–by IEA Bioenergy.
  

• Bioscore: European biodiversity impact assessment tool: Used to assess possible impacts of changing environmental variables and policy measures on indicator species and protected species by taxonomic group, country or region; Also see BioScore: A tool to assess the impacts of European Community policies on Europe’s biodiversity (2009) – Submitted by the ECNC-European Centre for Nature Conservation in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation Model (GREET Model): Allows researchers and analysts to evaluate various vehicle and fuel combinations, energy and emission impacts of new transportation fuels and the fuel cycle from wells to wheels–Argonne National Laboratory and U.S.Department of Energy.
  

• Sustainability Quick Check for Biofuels (SQCB) tool: Provides a quick assessment of environmental impacts of biofuels. It allows producers from south countries to verify sustainability certification criteria for their biofuels to facilitate access to the Swiss market – cited in Switzerland's submission to notification 2011-121.
  

         Criteria and Indicators

• Bioenergy and Food Security (BEFS) Project and Bioenergy and Food Security Criteria and Indicators (BEFSCI) project – by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
  

• GBEP 24 Sustainability Indicators for Bioenergy (2011) – cited in the Netherland's submission to notification 2011-121.
  

• The Global Bioenergy Partnership report on sustainability indicators for bioenergy (2011).
  

• Sustainable Bioenergy Production: Defining Principles and Criteria (2010) – Submitted by the Swedish Board of Agriculture in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• Criteria for a Sustainable Use of Bioenergy on a Global Scale (2008): Research Report prepared by the Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg, Germany, on behalf of the Federal Environment Agency – submitted in response to notification 2008-100.
  

• Testing framework for sustainable biomass (2007): Final report from the project group “Sustainable production of biomass”. Cramer Commission (Cited by the Netherlands in response to notification 2011-121).
  

Tools and Approaches for Sustainable Land Use

• Databases and information systems for mapping and assessing various land use issues – compiled by the FAO.
  

• GIS Suitability Maps for Biofuel Feedstocks for Ethiopia, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya (2010) – by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ).
  

• Land Use, Land Use Change and Bioenergy (Bioenergy Issue Paper Series #1) - Prepared by UNEP.
  

• Renewable Energy Directive: Operationalising Criteria to Protect Highly Biodiverse Grassland from Expanded Biofuel Production (2010): Report by the Institute for European Environmental Policy for the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs – cited in the UK's submission to notification 2011-121.
  

• Protecting Biodiversity When Planning and Implementing Bioenergy Policy and Projects. The Role of Agro-Environmental Zoning – submitted by UNEP in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• The role of remote sensing in monitoring biofuel feedstock and land use changes (2011): Global Bioenergy Partnership (GBEP).
  

         Degraded Lands

• Agrofuels and the Myth of the Marginal Lands (2008): Briefing note submitted by Econexus in response to notification 2008-100.
  

• Biofuels Development in Drylands— Panacea or Empty Promise ? Proceedings of the Side Event COP 8 UNCCD (2007).
  

• Global Assessment of Human-induced Soil Degradation (GLASOD) – Developed by the International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC) and is UNEP-funded.
  

• Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands (LADA): Provides policy advice on land degradation at global, national and local levels and assesses land degradation at different spatial and temporal scales, and a baseline at global level for future monitoring – Developed by the FAO.
  

• National Land Degradation Maps – Developed by FAO as part of LADA.
  

• No idle threat to the marginalised: the focus on "marginal and idle" land for biofuels (agrofuels) (2009) - paper submitted by Econexus in response to notification 2008-100.
  

         Direct Land-Use Change

• Assessment of direct effects and certification processes – by the NL Agency. Submitted by the Netherlands in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• Sustainability standards for biofuels. Interpretation and implementation of high conservation values (2008) – by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ).
  

• Tools for identifying areas of importance for biodiversity: World Database on Protected Areas: Most comprehensive global spatial dataset on marine and terrestrial protected areas; and Globcover: Land cover database – both websites cited in UNEP-WCMC submission to notification 2008-100.
  

• Tools for identifying High Conservation Value (HCV) areas: HCV Resource Network Toolkits: Developed by ProForest for the WWF-Ikea Co-operation on Forest Projects–cited in UNEP-WCMC submission to notification 2008-100.
  

         Indirect Land-Use Change

• Indirect effects of biofuel production - Overview prepared for GPEB (2011) - Ecofys, submitted by the Nethelands in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• Indirect Land Use Change from biofuel production: Implications for biodiversity (2011): Prepared by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) – submitted by UNEP in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• Responsible Cultivation Areas (RCA): Identification and certification of feedstock production with a low risk of indirect effects - Report by Ecofys.
  

• Summary of approaches to account for and monitor indirect impacts of biofuel production (2009): By Ecofys – submitted by the Netherlands in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• The Gallagher review of the indirect effects of biofuels production (2008) - Renewable Fuels Agency, United Kingdom.
  

Tools and Approaches for Policy and Decision-Making

         Decision-Making

• Biomass Systems based on Energy Crops: Environmental Due Diligence (EDD) Guidelines–prepared by UNEP.
  

• Eco Crop: A decision support tool that provides information on bioenergy crops and their environmental requirements.–developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
  

• FAO Support to Decision-Making for Sustainable Bioenergy: Making Bioenergy Work for Climate, Energy and Food Security–two-page leaflet on the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Sustainable Bioenergy Toolkit.
  

• RETScreen Clean Energy Project Analysis Software: Free energy decision-making software for identifying and assessing potential energy projects using renewable energy and energy efficient technologies – by Natural Resources Canada.
  

• Risk Governance Guidelines for Bioenergy Policies (2008): policy brief prepared by the International Risk Governance Council–submitted in response to notification 2008-100.
  

• Sustainable Bioenergy: A Framework for Decision Makers (2007) – prepared by UN-Energy.
  

• UN-Energy: Bioenergy decision support tool: Stepwise guidance to decision-makers in governments to develop sustainable bioenergy policies and strategies, and to assess investment proposals. By FAO, UNEP and UN-Energy–submitted by UNEP in response to notification 2011-121.
  

         Information on Legislation and Policy Measures

• Dutch legislation and policy on biofuels and the sustainability of biofuels (2011) – including the implementation of the Renewable Energy Directive of the EU; submitted by the Netherlands in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• Global Subsidies Initiative Reports (GSI) on Biofuel Subsidies
  

• Paving the way for agrofuels: EU policy, sustainability criteria and climate calculations (2007) – discussion paper submitted by Econexus in response to notification 2008-100.
  

• Renewable Energy Directive Report (2010) – submitted by Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• Renewable Energy Directive: EU (2009)–cited in the Netherland's and the EU's submission to notification 2011-121.
  

• The Renewable Transport Fuel Obligations Order (2007)–cited in the UK's submission to notification 2011-121.
  

• Sustainability requirements for biofuels and biomass for energy in EU and US regulatory frameworks (2011) – produced by the NL Agency and submitted by the Netherlands in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• Switzerland's Submission to notification 2011-121– see page 5, section 4: Legal Basis, and page 6, section 5: Measures to support the sustainable production of imported biofuels (2011).
  

Biofuels Criteria, Standards and Certification Schemes

• 2BSvs: biomass biofuel sustainability voluntary scheme and 2BSvs: Scheme requirements and documents.
  

• Better Sugar Cane Initiative Certification

• Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) Certification.
  

• Global GAP Global Good Agricultural Practices: GLOBAL GAP is a private sector body that sets voluntary standards for the certification of production processes of agricultural products globally.
  

• Green Gold Label (GGL): Certification system for sustainable biomass.
  

• International Sustainability and Carbon Certification system.
  

• Neste Oil voluntary scheme.
  

• NTA 8080 certification system for sustainably produced biomass.
  

• REDcert certification system.
  

• Red Tractor Farm Assurance Combinable Crops & Sugar Beet scheme.
  

• RSB Guidance on Principles & Criteria for Sustainable Biofuel Production (2010) and other RSB documents/resources on principles and criteria: Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels (RSB).
  

• Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels (RSB) Standards for EU Market (2011).
  

• Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels (RSB) Global Certification Standards (2011).
  

• Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels (RSB) Tool: Guides a biofuel operator through the steps of the RSB certification process, including a self-assessment against RSB global standards – cited in Switzerland's submission to notification 2011-121.
  

• Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) Certification.
  

• Roundtable on Sustainable Soy Certification.
  

• Sustainability schemes recognized under the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) (2011) – cited in the EU's submission to notification 2011-121.
  

• Sustainability Standards for Bioenergy (2006) – published by WWF Germany. Submitted in response to notification 2008-100.
  

• Sustainable Agriculture Network (SAN) Certification.
  

• How to select a biomass certification scheme? (2011): Produced by the NL Agency – from the Netherland's submission to notification 2011-121.
  

• Background document from: Dam et al. (2010), from the global efforts on certification of bioenergy towards an integrated approach based on sustainable land use planning (2010) – from the Netherland's submission to notification 2011-121.
  

• Towards a harmonised sustainable biomass certification scheme (2007) – Ecofys on behalf of the WWF, submitted in response to notification 2008-100.
  

Tools and Approaches Addressing Socioeconomic Issues

• Beyond the talk: Engaging Stakeholders in Bioenergy Development: Bioenergy Issue Paper Series #4–prepared by UNEP.
  

• Criteria for Assessing Environmental, Economic, and Social Aspects of Biofuels in Developing Countries (2005)–prepared by the Öko-Institut; submitted in response to notification 2008-100.
  

• Biofuel Group Certification: Ensuring that smallholders can participate in biofuel markets. Bioenergy Issue Paper Series #5–prepared by UNEP.
  

• Interactive renewable energy toolkit – iRET: Interactive tool produced by Practical Action Consulting for Oxfam and Christian Aid to help build skills and knowledge to deliver renewable energy access projects for poverty reduction worldwide.
  

• Large scale bio-fuel production may increase marginalization of women (2008) - Case study from Zimbabwe based on a UNDP/GEF Small Grants Project, submitted in response to notification 2008-100.
  

• The Potential for Biofuel in Uganda (2010) - submitted by UNEP in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• Social sustainability of EU-approved voluntary schemes for biofuels–Implications for rural livelihoods (2011) – prepared by CIFOR.
  

• The potential of sustainable liquid biofuel production in Rwanda. (2011) By Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ).
  

• Small-scale Electricity Generation from Biomass - Part III: Vegetable Oil (2011) - Programme Poverty-oriented Basic Energy Service (HERA) (2011) and GIZ.
  

• Biofuels: Ethical Issues (2011) - Nuffield Council on Bioethics.
  

Other Tools and Approaches

• Algal biorefinery-based industry: an approach to address fuel and food insecurity for a carbon-smart world (2010) – prepared by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
  

• The Bioenergy and Water Nexus (2011) – by UNEP, Oeko-Institut and IEA Bioenergy. Submitted by UNEP in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• Bioenergy Atlas: BioEnergy Atlas is an interactive map, built into Google Maps, which can compare and analyze biomass feedstocks, biopower and biofuels data by location – by U.S. Department of Energy and National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
  

• Biofuels and biological invasions (2009) – submitted by the Global Invasive Species Programme, in response to notification 2008-100.
  

• Impacts of biofuel production on biodiversity in Europe (2008) - published by the European Centre for Nature Conservation; submitted by the Swedish Board of Agriculture in response to notification 2011-121.
  

• Interdisciplinary research framework for identifying research needs. Case: bioenergy-biodiversity interlinkages (2009 ) – prepared by the Finnish Environment Institute.
  

• Strategie für die energetische Nutzung von Biomasse in der Schweiz- Bundesamt für Energie, Version 2.0 (2010): Strategy for use of biomass for energy in Switzerland–in Switzerland's submission to notification 2011-121.
  

• Testing framework for sustainable biomass (2007): Final report from the project group “Sustainable production of biomass”–from the Netherland's submission to notification 2011-121.